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Scientific Method: Write a description for the following terms based on your prior knowledge.
Problem--
Hypothesis--
Experiment--
Data--
Analysis--
Conclusion--
This cycle never ends. Even though some problems may be resolved, there will always be new problems that come up.
Scientific Method:
Problem--
What happens when…/Why does ____happen…/What can I learn by…/How does ___happen?
Hypothesis--
I think___ because___. If___, then ___ because ___. By doing this lab, I’ll improve my knowledge of __ because___.
Experiment--
List and number the steps to follow and the equipment you will use.
Data--
Make a table with columns. Give your table a title. Write detailed descriptions of what you observe. Do not make inferences or assumptions.
Analysis--
Math problems, Compare and Contrast, Answer any questions using complete sentences. Always explain yourself. Ex. ___ happened because ___.
Conclusion--
Did you solve the problem? Is your hypothesis correct?
Describe sources of error.
Describe changes you would make to the lab.
What did you learn? What do you understand better, now?
Compare individual participation within your group.
This cycle never ends. Even though some problems may be resolved, there will always be new problems that come up.
Law--Descriptions or Explanations about WHAT HAPPENS.
ex. Law of Conservation of Energy
Law of Gravity
Laws of Force (equal and opposite reactions, inertia, F = ma)
Theory--Descriptions or Explanations about HOW OR WHY SOMETHING HAPPENS.
ex. Big Bang Theory
Theory of Relativity
Theory of Plate Tectonics
Peer Review--It is VERY IMPORTANT for your discoveries to be published after other scientists have had a chance to critique and examine what you have done. They can replicate your experiments and provide more justification for your results.
YOU ARE SHOWN TO BE A BETTER SCIENTIST BECAUSE OTHERS CAN DO WHAT YOU DID.
Send Mrs. Stevens an email using the home page at the top left of this page, or you can do it from your student email account. You must use 3 to 6 complete sentences to answer these questions:
1. What topic in Earth and Space Science is the one you know the LEAST about?
2. What topic is the one you know the MOST about?
3. Why do you know so much about that topic?
Common Topics in Earth and Space Science:
Earth Systems--atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, models and maps
Motion and Structure--formation, movement, minerals, rocks
Dynamic Earth--plate tectonics, volcanoes, earthquakes, mountain building
Astronomy--astronomers, celestial sphere, constellations, stars
Energy--waves, light, stars
Celestial objects--comets, asteroids, planets
Atmosphere--climate, weather, weathering, severe weather
Geological Timescale--fossils, age of the earth, layers, time
Oceanography-ocean water properties, sea floor, sea life
Environmental Science-ecology and human interaction with it
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Chapter 1
Intro to Earth Science
Interactive Concept Map
Flash Cards
Vocab Words
Chapter Outline
Key Ideas
Section 1: What Is Earth Science?
Many cultures, including the ancient Greeks and Maya, contributed to the development of modern scientific study.
The four main branches of Earth science are geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy.
Earth scientists help us understand how Earth formed and the natural forces that affect human society.
Section 2: Science as a Process
Science differs from other human endeavors by following a procedure of testing to help understand natural phenomena.
The steps that make up scientific methods include asking questions, forming hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and drawing conclusions.
New scientific thought undergoes review and testing by other scientists before new ideas are accepted.
Science affects society by helping us understand our world. Science is also used to develop new technology that can help solve existing problems as well as create new problems that require solutions.
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You need to answer all the questions that are purple. You must answer them with complete sentences by restating the question. If a blank is empty, you must write the complete sentence.
1. What living things do you see?
2. Where can you see water in the picture?
3. Where is there water that you cannot see?
4. Where do you see rocks?
5. What is going on between the water, living things, rocks, soil, and atmosphere?
6. ____ would be a word that would describe the connection of these different parts.
1.1 What is Earth Science?
Objectives:
*Describe 2 cultures that contributed to modern scientific study.
*Name 4 main branches of Earth Science
*Discuss how Earth scientists help us understand the world around us.
7. For many years scientist studied the different parts of the Earth without seeing any ______
between those parts.
8. What are some parts?
9. When scientist started to see the connection between the different parts of the Earth
a new science was developed, _____.
10. In ecology this interconnection of the Earth's parts was the _________
11. This science now studied the Earth as a _________
12. What is an example of Earth interconnection?
1.2 Science as a Process
Objectives:
*Explain how science is different from other forms of human endeavor.
*Identify the steps that make up scientific methods.
*Analyze how scientific thought changes as new information is collected.
*Explain how science affects society.
Chapter 2
Earth as a System
Go online and download the following items:
Interactive Concept Map
Flash Cards
Vocab Words
Chapter Outline
13. A ____ is a representation of something because it is too big, too small, or too difficult to work with.
14. A ____ is a kind of model.
15. A system can be defined as a part of a greater whole that can be studied _____.
18. Is the earth a closed or open system? Why?
Key Ideas
Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet
Earth is an oblate spheroid that has an average diameter of 12,756 km.
The compositional layers of Earth's interior are the thin, solid outermost crust, the rocky mantle beneath the crust, and the central core. These layers are divided into five structural zones: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core.
Liquid iron in the outer core may be a source of Earth's magnetic field.
Newton’s law of gravitation states that the force of attraction between any two objects depends on their masses and the distance between them.
Section 2: Energy in the Earth System
In an open system, both energy and matter enter and exit the system. In a closed system, energy enters and exits, but matter neither enters nor exits.
The atmosphere is gaseous. The hydrosphere is mostly liquid water but may also appear in solid or vapor form. The geosphere is the solid part of Earth. The biosphere contains all the life in the other three spheres.
The sun (external) and radioactive decay (internal) are the two main sources of energy in the Earth system.
Matter moves through Earth systems in cycles such as the nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and water cycles.
Section 3: Ecology
An ecosystem is a community of organisms and the environment that they inhabit.
Carrying capacity, disturbance, and energy transfer are three factors that control the balance of an ecosystem.
Energy is transferred through an ecosystem via feeding relationships.
In general, an ecosystem responds to changes in ways that maintain or restore balance in the ecosystem.
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24. What is a mixture of gases and where weather occurs?
25. What are some of the gases found here?
26. What does Cleopatra's Last Breath mean?
Lab Links
Online Simulations
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